Examples of Gamification

As we have seen before, it is possible to include playful learning activities in order to deepen students' knowledge in an active way. In some 8th grade technology classes, different groups of students were asked to explore certain basic concepts in robotics while being encouraged to use syringes and plastic tubes to build simple hydraulic robots and devices that can be developed as games.

Simple Hydraulics 7th Grade

The uncomplicated analogue hydraulic systems designed by the students were able to perform simple tasks while being complex enough to create some excitement when used for games. The simplest game designed during one particular session was a labyrinth with traps for a marble. Four syringes were glued standing up on each corner of a box containing the labyrinth the students designed. Each syringe was filled with coloured water, and they were connected with a tube to another syringe located on a control panel equipped with levers. The four levers could trigger the corresponding syringes attached to the labyrinth to make the box lean in different directions. The objective of the game was to steer the glass marble through the labyrinth while using the control levers only. To make it easier to steer the marble with the water-filled syringes at each corner, the water was coloured red, blue, yellow, and green for each pair of syringes.

Hydraulic Labyrinth

Likewise, another group of students designed and built a robotic arm that could move objects from one place to another while using the same simple hydraulic system. Once again, each pair of syringes were filled with coloured water, but instead of lifting and tilting a box like in the case of the labyrinth, they were steering a gripper, a wrist, an elbow, a shoulder, and a base. The hydraulic actuators made it possible to create simple games where light objects could be moved around or put in cups or containers only by manipulating the control levers.

Hydraulic Robotic Arm

It will be interesting to follow how digital platforms for playful learning will evolve over the next few years. In order to illustrate the advantages of the many digital games on the market that can be used as learning platforms, we will use DragonBox and Minecraft Education as examples.

Minecraft

A cubical brick structure of pixelised brown and beige blocks, with green grass-like blocks on top, over which the text Minecraft Education Edition is placed. The background is black.

Minecraft Education

Permission: Designed by Philippe Longchamps using CC0 images from PurePNG.

First, we need to briefly explain what Minecraft and DragonBox are. These are two completely different video games, but they illustrate the possibilities of including digital fun activities to stimulate the imagination of students. These two platforms allow teachers to provide the students with something that excites and captivates them in the classroom or in an online learning environment. In addition, parents have noticed that their children are happy to use this type of digital active learning platform in their free time at home.

Minecraft is a video game available on a multitude of digital platforms such as game consoles, tablets, and computers. Designed in a 16-Bits style, it challenges the user to collect resources to survive in a universe made up of pixelated blocks while creating different types of structures with digital cubic components. One could say that it is a digital construction game that resembles LEGO® blocks. It allows users to build digital universes completely freely and to let their imagination run free. This game was designed by a Swedish developer called Markus Persson, also known under the pseudonym of ‘Notch’. It was commercialised by the company Mojang Studio, but Microsoft Education have taken it over through the development of different educational add-ons that make this game even more immersive and educational.

Minecraft users can let the game randomly generate universes while integrating an interactive system focused on the exploitation and transformation of natural resources. It offers an opportunity to become self-taught in the fundamentals of geology and mineralogy, while offering the chance to learn more about fossils, the behaviour of wild and domestic animals, and plant species. The game immerses the user in fantasy worlds and dynamically created biomes, made up of cubic blocks representing different mineral materials such as iron, granite, gold, coal, obsidian, and sand, as well as earth, water, and even lava. Players quickly and intuitively manage to create various virtual structures like caves, mountains, temples, or houses. In the fantastic worlds created there are also animals such as sheep, cows, horses, donkeys, foxes, and llamas. You can even domesticate wolves so that they learn to behave like dogs, irrespective of whether the game is played in survival mode or creative mode. There are also monsters, zombies and skeletons. Players can change their created worlds at will by adding or removing blocks and trying to survive as long as possible, while allowing them to build constructions with great creative freedom.

A Minecraft Education Edition version is also available for playful education. This version further stimulates the development of creativity and encourages collaboration to solve problems in an immersive digital educational environment, where the only limit is the imagination of the users. In addition, this learning platform uses artificial intelligence functions to virtually solve global environmental challenges. Minecraft Education Edition allows teachers to plan courses based on educational projects where students acquire skills essential to the potential professions of the future, such as creative and collaborative problem-solving. It also helps to develop a web-etiquette promoting a responsible digital citizenship based on ethics.

In addition, a set of tutorials and features give teachers the chance to manage their classes and conduct formative assessment. Thanks to the mixed reality offered by Minecraft Education Edition, the possibilities for developing student creativity are endless. Users will develop their mathematical skills while expanding their knowledge of biology and geography, at the same time trying to solve concrete challenges relating to ecology and environmental conservation. In addition, thanks to its flexibility, this educational edition of Minecraft can be adapted to the needs of special educators. It can also be adapted to the different learning styles of students. Immersive reading and translation functions offer increased possibilities to promote reading and language development. The integrated reading tools are available at all times, while users are browsing the Minecraft Education Edition universe. There is even an automated reading feature, where a synthesised voice can read for students with dyslexia or other reading difficulties.

Moreover, there is a picture dictionary to help with learning and memorising words and concepts. It becomes a tool of exploration, discovery, storytelling, and digital learning that offers a holistic sustainable educational experience. Indeed, Minecraft Education Edition offers a set of ready-made lessons that can immerse students in fantastic worlds that will help them to develop socio-emotional skills. This is why we believe that this type of gamification is an excellent example of sustainable, integrative, and active pedagogy, because it allows educators to create more inclusive classrooms while providing a fun and safe learning environment that develops skills that go beyond those offered by traditional educational methods.

As future jobs are likely to require more and more social and emotional skills that promote teamwork, educators around the world are now placing increased priority on the psychological well-being of students and looking for ways to foster development of emotional intelligence in their classrooms, as well as in virtual environments created for distance education. The lesson plans offered by Minecraft Education Edition cover topics such as self-awareness, communication, and self-expression. In addition to being beneficial for the development of the students' competencies, this educational game offers special features for teachers, such as tools for managing classes and group activities.

There are also easy-to-understand tutorials, a plethora of sample lessons, and real-time technical support, as well as a global network of mentors with an impressive level of expertise. Finally, we can also observe that students who have acquired a level of expertise in Minecraft display an ease in understanding and applying three-dimensional concepts on other digital platforms such as Sketchup or similar CAD programs, where students can develop basic skills in architecture or design. Finally, it would be interesting to do further research on the development of fine motor skills and spatial conceptualisation in users of this educational game.

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SketchUp

DragonBox

Obviously, there are a multitude of excellent educational video games that seek to develop the knowledge and skills of its users. But as it is impossible to talk about all the games available these days, we must limit ourselves to discussing only a few. DragonBox is a very different digital game from Minecraft Education Edition. It was designed in France by maths teacher Jean-Baptiste Huynh and is used to help students to develop math skills and understand algebra in an amusing way. The fun educational aspect of this application makes algebra more accessible to students of all levels. The interface of DragonBox is very easy to use, and the graphics are original and creative. The major advantage of this application is its ease of use and that it offers a way to develop a level of expertise in many branches of mathematics without using numbers.

The educational purpose of the exercises is different according to the age groups, and their level of knowledge. Students play to solve equations, where the unknown is a dragon in a box, and the numbers are replaced by funny critters and strange creatures. The first levels are usually easy in order to build student confidence, but they evolve quickly. Indeed, the exercises get much more complicated as the users are progressing.

What makes this digital learning platform so interesting is that students learn to do complex equations without realising it. This application subtly helps them to realise mathematical reasoning, which is not necessarily obvious. The users manage to forget that they are doing mathematics even if they assimilate concepts and develop an increased analytical capacity. This game has been designed to help its users to progress as easily as possible. It gives confidence to individuals who feel that they are not very good at mathematics. Indeed, numbers and letters in mathematics can sometimes be intimidating or even anxiety-provoking for some people; this is why the developers of this game have replaced the numbers and letters with logos of small animals or various fictional creatures during the first levels of the game.

The main purpose of this game is not only to teach algebra, but to put an end to the fear or the curse of ‘x’ in mathematics. It offers a playful and imaginative approach that allows the player to conceptualise the methods even before having the opportunity to use numbers or letters. In this strange universe, the user receives very few instructions. Players observe representations of opposing numbers, as well as elements that become more and more abstract. It becomes a kind of evolving puzzle, and that is what makes this game a great tool for sustainable active learning. Moreover, as the players progress through the different chapters, fewer and fewer creatures are present, and the critter cards turn into dices or letters. In this way, the user learns to reason and assimilates formulas and mathematics progressively without noticing it. The great thing about DragonBox Algebra is that it eliminates one of the most boring and repetitive sides of learning mathematics.

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DragonBox

Music: Pixabay.com