Modern Mandarin Chinese: The Routledge Course

Vocabulary

Dialogue Part A Vocabulary

Audio file					Simplified	Traditional
	āyí		aunt	noun	阿姨	阿姨
	fángzi	fángzi子	house	noun	房子	房子
	fùmǔ		father and mother, parents	noun	父母	父母
	huā		flower(s)	noun	花	花
	jièshào		introduce	verb	介绍	介紹
	kèqì	客qi	polite	adjectival verb	客气	客氣
	méi shénme	没什么	it’s nothing much, there isn’t anything of importance		没什么	沒什麼
	nǎlǐ	哪里	that’s not at all true	conversational expression	哪里	哪裡
	nàme	那么	so (adjectival verb)	intensifier	那么	那麼
	shìyǒu	shì友	roommate	noun	室友	室友
	shuǐguǒ	水guǒ	fruit	noun	水果	水果
	shūshu		uncle	noun	叔叔	叔叔
	sòng		give as a gift	verb	送	送
	sònggěi	sòng给	give to (someone) as a present	verb	送给	送給
	tàitai	太太	Mrs.	title, term of address	太太	太太
	tèbié	tè别	especially; aspecial	intensifier; adjectival verb	特别	特別
	xiàng		resembles, be like	verb	像	像
	xiānsheng	先生	Mr.	title, term of address	先生	先生
	xiōngdì jiěmèi	xiōng弟姐妹	brothers and sisters	noun phrase	兄弟姐妹	兄弟姊妹
	yīnggāi		should	modal verb	应该	應該

Dialogue Part B Vocabulary

Audio file					Simplified	Traditional
	mí lù	mí路	get lost, lose one’s way	verb + object	迷路	迷路
	qiézi	qié子	eggplant	noun	茄子	茄子
	shǒu	手	hand	noun	手	手
	xǐshǒu jiān	洗手间	washroom, bathroom	noun	洗手间	洗手間
	yī xià	一下	(do an action for a short duration)	verb suffix	一下	一下
	yǐqián	以前	before	noun	以前	以前
	yǐwéi	以为	suppose (incorrectly)	verb	以为	以為
	zǎo jiù	早就	long before now, long ago,	adverb	早就	早就
	zhào		take (a photograph)	verb	照	照
	zhōngyú		finally, at last	adverb	终于	終於

Dialogue Part C Vocabulary

Audio file					Simplified	Traditional
	báicài		cabbage	noun	白菜	白菜
	cài		dishes (food)	noun	菜	菜
	cháng		often	adverb	常	常
	chǎo		stir-fry	verb	炒	炒
	chǎo báicài		stir-fried cabbage	noun phrase	炒白菜	炒白菜
	dài		take (a person or thing somewhere)	verb	带	帶
	guò	过	experienced doing the action	verb suffix	过	過
	guō		cooking pot, wok	noun	锅	鍋
	hǎo chī	好吃	delicious	adjectival verb phrase	好吃	好吃
	hóngshāo		red-simmered, red-cooked	noun description	红烧	紅燒
	hóngshāo yú		red-simmered fish	noun phrase	红烧鱼	紅燒魚
	huí guō ròu	回guō ròu	twice-cooked pork (returned-to-the- pot meat)	noun phrase	回锅肉	回鍋肉
	jī		chicken	noun	鸡	雞
	jī tāng		chicken soup	noun phrase	鸡汤	雞湯
	jiā cháng cài	家cháng cài	home-cooked food	noun phrase	家常菜	家常菜
	jiǎozi	jiǎo子	Chinese dumplings, “jiaozi”	noun	饺子	餃子
	jiǎozi guǎn	jiǎo子guǎn	dumpling restaurant	noun phrase	饺子馆	餃子館
	kuàizi	kuài子	chopsticks	noun	筷子	筷子
	mā	妈	mom	noun	妈	媽
	qùnián	去年	last year	noun	去年	去年
	ròu		meat	noun	肉	肉
	shāo		simmer	verb	烧	燒
	shuǐjiǎo	水jiǎo	boiled dumplings	noun phrase	水饺	水餃
	suíbiàn		as you please	adverb	随便	隨便
	tāng		soup	noun	汤	湯
	yòng		use	verb	用	用
	yú		fish	noun	鱼	魚
	zhème	这么	so, such (adjectival verb)	intensifier	这么	這麼
	zhù		live, reside in a place	verb	住	住
	zuò	做	cook (same as 做 do)	verb	做	做

Dialogue

Audio file	Dialogue
	国强: 大为，请进，请进。我给你们 jièshào一下. 这是我fùmǔ 。这是我的shì友，张大为。	国强: 大为，请进，请进。我给你们介绍一下. 这是我父母。这是我的室友，张大为。
	国强爸: 你就是张大为a？我们常听到你的名字。欢yíng 到我们家来。很高兴认识你。	国强爸: 你就是张大为啊？我们常听到你的名字。欢迎到我们家来。很高兴认识你。
	大为: 谢先生、谢太太，谢谢你们请我到你们家来吃饭。我买了一些水guǒ sòng给你们。	大为: 谢先生、谢太太，谢谢你们请我到你们家来吃饭。我买了一些水果送给你们。
	国强妈: 别那么客qi. 叫 shūshu āyí 吧。国强没有xiōng弟姐妹，我们很高兴他有你这个好朋友。你来中国已经快一年了。早就 yīnggāi 请你来家坐坐了。	国强妈: 别那么客气. 叫叔叔阿姨吧。国强没有兄弟姐妹，我们很高兴他有你这个好朋友。你来中国已经快一年了。早就应该请你来家坐坐了。
	大为: 国强就xiàng我的哥哥，对我非常好。Āyí, 你们家真漂亮。我tè别喜欢门前那些huā 。	大为: 国强就像我的哥哥，对我非常好。阿姨, 你们家真漂亮。我特别喜欢门前那些花。
	国强妈: 哪里，哪里，这个fáng子很旧了。没什么。	国强妈: 哪里，哪里，这个房子很旧了。没什么。

Audio file	Dialogue
	Màikè: 大为你zhōngyú到了！我们以为你mí路了呢。	麦克: 大为你终于到了！我们以为你迷路了呢。
	大为: 你们早就到了吗？	大为: 你们早就到了吗？
	小文: 不。我们也刚到。	小文: 不。我们也刚到。
	大为: 对不起，我得先去一下洗手间，你们知道洗手间在哪儿吗？	大为: 对不起，我得先去一下洗手间，你们知道洗手间在哪儿吗？
	Màikè: 对面左手biān就是。	麦克: 对面左手边就是。
	国强妈: 饭快好了。吃饭以前我们先 zhào 一张 zhàopiàn 吧。	国强妈: 饭快好了。吃饭以前我们先照一张照片吧。
	国强爸: 好，我来 zhào. 大家说“qié子。” (see Language FAQs)	国强爸: 好，我来照. 大家说“茄子。” (see Language FAQs)

Audio file	Dialogue
	国强爸: 来。吃饭吧。Suíbiàn 坐。别客qi.	国强爸: 来。吃饭吧。随便坐。别客气。
	国强妈: 不好yìsi，今天没什么cài。我就做了三个: 红shāo jī、回 guō ròu、和 chǎo báicài，都是家常cài，没什么tè别的，还有jiǎo子和jī tāng。你们吃过 jiǎo子吗？	国强妈: 不好意思，今天没什么菜。我就做了三个: 红烧鸡、回锅肉、和炒白菜，都是家常菜，没什么特别的，还有饺子和鸡汤。你们吃过饺子吗？
	国强: 妈，他们去年八月就来中国了，在中国已经zhù了差不多一年了，当然吃过 jiǎo子了。	国强: 妈，他们去年八月就来中国了，在中国已经住了差不多一年了，当然吃过饺子了。
	美丽: 我很喜欢吃水jiǎo。来中国以前我没吃过，可是认识小文以后，她常常dài我和大为去吃。学校fùjìn有一家非常好吃的jiǎo子馆。	美丽: 我很喜欢吃水饺。来中国以前我没吃过，可是认识小文以后，她常常带我和大为去吃。学校附近有一家非常好吃的饺子馆。
	Màikè: Āyí，您的jiǎo子太好吃了。我没吃过这么好吃的jiǎo子。	麦克: 阿姨，您的饺子太好吃了。我没吃过这么好吃的饺子。
	国强妈: 那太好了，来，多吃一点。 Màikè，你yòng kuài子yòng得真好。	国强妈: 那太好了，来，多吃一点。麦克，你用筷子用得真好。
	Màikè：我会yòng，可是yòng得不好。	麦克：我会用，可是用得不好。
	… to be continued	… to be continued

Structure Drills

1. Before we do it, we’ll do something else (Use and Structure note 15.11)

You will hear a statement saying that someone will first do one action and then will do a second action. Restate the information with以前 before, saying that before doing the second action, the person will do the first action, as in the example.
Example:
You will hear: 你们先zhào zhàopiàn，再吃饭。
You will say: 你们吃饭以前，先zhào zhàopiàn。
Click "Response" to hear the correct response
(a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f) (g) (h) (i) (j)

	Prompt	Response
Example
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
(f)
(g)
(h)
(i)
(j)

2. Have you done this before? (Use and Structure note 15.14)

You will hear an action. You will ask your roommate whether she has done this action before, as in the example.
Example:
You will hear: 去中国
You will say: 你去过中国吗？
Click "Response" to hear the correct response
(a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f) (g) (h) (i) (j)

	Prompt	Response
Example
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
(f)
(g)
(h)
(i)
(j)

3. I have not done this before (Use and Structure note 15.14)

You will hear an action. You will say you have not done this action before, as in the example.
Example:
You will hear: 你去过中国吗？
You will say: 我没去过中国。
Click "Response" to hear the correct response
(a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f) (g) (h) (i) (j)

	Prompt	Response
Example
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
(f)
(g)
(h)
(i)
(j)

4. I did this long before now (Use and Structure notes 15.5, 15.14)

You will ask your roommate whether she has done an action before. She will reply that she did the action long before now, as in the example.
Example:
You will hear: 你去过中国吗？
You will say: 我早就去过中国了。
Click "Response" to hear the correct response
(a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f) (g) (h) (i) (j)

	Prompt	Response
Example
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
(f)
(g)
(h)
(i)
(j)

5. You should do it a little more (Use and Structure note 15.16)

Chen Ming is tellling his roommate that he does some things too much and some things too little. Expand his comments, giving advice that he should do each action a little less or a little more, as in the example.
Example:
You will hear: 你吃饭吃得太少。
You will say: 你吃饭吃得太少，多吃一点吧。
Click "Response" to hear the correct response
(a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f) (g) (h) (i)

	Prompt	Response
Example
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
(f)
(g)
(h)
(i)

6. Only half that amount of time (Use and Structure note 11.15, 15.15)

You will hear a statement saying that you have done something for a certain amount of time, followed by a question asking if the information is correct. Reply that it is not correct, and say that you have only done it half that time, as in the example.
Example:
You will hear: 你在中国住了一年，对不对？
You will say: 不对，我在中国只住了半年。
Click "Response" to hear the correct response
(a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f) (g) (h) (i) (j)

	Prompt	Response
Example
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
(f)
(g)
(h)
(i)

7. Twice as long (Use and Structure notes, 12.11, 15.15)

You will hear a statement saying that you have done something for a certain amount of time, followed by a question asking if the information is correct. Reply that it is not correct, and say that you have done it twice that amount of time, as in the example.
Example:
You will hear: 你在中国住了一年，对不对？
You will say: 不对，我在中国住了两年。
Click "Response" to hear the correct response
(a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f) (g) (h) (i)

	Prompt	Response
Example
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
(f)
(g)
(h)
(i)

Sentence Pyramids

The Sentence Pyramids illustrate the use of each new vocabulary item and structure introduced in the lesson. Use them to help you to learn how to form phrases and sentences in Mandarin. Supply the English translation for the last line where indicated.

Audio File	Vocabulary	Translation
	一下	for a bit, briefly
	jièshào一下	introduce (briefly)
	给你们 jièshào一下	introduce you
	我给你们 jièshào一下。	Let me introduce you.

Audio File	Vocabulary	Translation
	shì友	roommate
	这是我的shì友	____________________

Audio File	Vocabulary	Translation
	到我们家来	come to our home
	欢yíng 你到我们家来。	Welcome to our home.

Audio File	Vocabulary	Translation
	sòng给你们。	give to you as a present
	我买了一些水guǒ sòng给你们。	I bought some fruit to give to you as a present.

Audio File	Vocabulary	Translation
	客qi	polite
	那么客qi	so polite
	别那么客qi。	Don’t be so polite.

Audio File	Vocabulary	Translation
	āyí	aunt
	shūshu āyí	uncle and aunt
	叫 shūshu āyí	call (us) uncle and aunt
	叫 shūshu āyí 吧。	Call (us) uncle and aunt.

Audio File	Vocabulary	Translation
	xiōng弟姐妹	brothers and sisters
	我没有xiōng弟姐妹。	______________________

Audio File	Vocabulary	Translation
	一年	one year
	快一年了	almost one year
	已经快一年了	already almost one year
	她来中国已经快一年了。	She came to China almost a year (ago).

Audio File	Vocabulary	Translation
	坐坐	sit; visit
	请你来家坐坐	invite you to come to my home to visit
	早就 yīnggāi 请你来家坐坐了	long before now invite you to come home to visit.
	我们早就 yīnggāi 请你来家坐坐了。	We should have invited you long before now to come to our home to visit.

Audio File	Vocabulary	Translation
	哥哥	older brother
	xiàng 我的哥哥	resembles my older brother
	国强就xiàng 我的哥哥。	______________________

Audio File	Vocabulary	Translation
	huā	flowers
	那些huā	those flowers
	门前那些huā	the flowers that are in front of the door
	我tè别喜欢门前那些huā 。	I especially like the flowers that are in front of the door.

Audio File	Vocabulary	Translation
	piàoliang	beautiful
	真 piàoliang	really beautiful
	fáng子真 piàoliang	house really beautiful
	您的 fáng子真piàoliang。	your house is really beautiful
	大为：您的 fáng子真 piàoliang。	Dawei: ______________________
	谢太太：哪里。	Mrs. Xiè: ______________________

Audio File	Vocabulary	Translation
	到了	arrived
	zhōngyú到了	finally arrived
	你zhōngyú到了！	You finally got here.

Audio File	Vocabulary	Translation
	mí路	get lost (can’t find your way)
	以为你mí路了呢。	assumed you got lost
	我们以为你mí路了呢。	______________________

Audio File	Vocabulary	Translation
	在哪儿？	Where?
	洗手间在哪儿？	Where is the bathroom?

Audio File	Vocabulary	Translation
	一张zhàopiàn	a photo
	zhào 一张zhàopiàn	take a photo
	先 zhào 一张zhàopiàn	first take a photo
	我们先 zhào 一张zhàopiàn吧	let’s first take a photo
	以前我们先 zhào 一张zhàopiàn	before, let’s take a photo
	吃饭以前我们先 zhào 一张zhàopiàn。	Before we eat, let’s first take a photo.

Audio File	Vocabulary	Translation
	zhào	take (a photo).
	我来zhào。	I’ll take the photo.

Audio File	Vocabulary	Translation
	qié子	eggplant
	大家说“qié子。”	Everyone say “eggplant.”

Audio File	Vocabulary	Translation
	Suíbiàn 吃.	eat whatever you want.
	Suíbiàn 坐，suíbiàn 吃.	Sit wherever you want, eat whatever you want.

Audio File	Vocabulary	Translation
	cài	food
	没什么 cài	not much food
	今天没什么 cài。	There isn’t much food today.
	不好yìsi，今天没什么 cài。	I’m so embarrassed. Today there isn’t much food.

Audio File	Vocabulary	Translation
	家常cài	home-style food
	是家常 cài	are home-style food
	都是家常 cài	are all home-style food
	今天的cài 都是家常 cài。	______________________

Audio File	Vocabulary	Translation
	báicài	cabbage
	chǎo báicài	stir-fried cabbage
	回 guō ròu和 chǎo báicài	twice-cooked port and stir-fried cabbage
	红shāo yú、回 guō ròu和 chǎo báicài	red summered fish, twice- cook pork and stir-fried cabbage
	我做了红shāo yú、回 guō ròu和 chǎo báicài。	______________________

Audio File	Vocabulary	Translation
	jī tang	chicken soup
	jiǎo子和jī tāng	dumplings (jiaozi) and chicken soup
	还有jiǎo子和jī tāng。	Also, dumplings and chicken soup.

Audio File	Vocabulary	Translation
	一年	one year
	一年了	one year
	差不多一年了	almost one year
	zhù了差不多一年了	lived almost one year
	已经 zhù了差不多一年了	already lived almost one year
	他们在中国已经 zhù了差不多一年了。	______________________

Audio File	Vocabulary	Translation
	吃过 jiǎo子	eaten Chinese dumplings before
	当然吃过 jiǎo子	of course eaten Chinese dumplings before
	他们当然吃过 jiǎo子。	Of course they have eaten dumplings before.

Audio File	Vocabulary	Translation
	jiǎo子馆	dumpling restaurant
	好吃的jiǎo子馆	delicious dumpling restaurant
	一家非常好吃的jiǎo子馆	an extremely delicious dumpling restaurant
	有一家非常好吃的jiǎo子馆。	there is an extremely delicious dumpling restaurant
	学校fùjìn有一家非常好吃的jiǎo子馆。	In the vicinity of the school there is an extremely delicious dumpling restaurant.

Audio File	Vocabulary	Translation
	好吃的jiǎo子	delicious dumplings
	这么好吃的jiǎo子	such delicious dumplings
	我没吃过这么好吃的jiǎo子。	I have never before eaten such delicious dumplings.

Audio File	Vocabulary	Translation
	yòng得真好	use really well
	yòng kuài子yòng得真好	use chopsticks really well
	你yòng kuài子yòng得真好。	______________________