Chapter 7

Please note that the labels on each recording (for example, "Chicago English" or "Black English") were provided by the person who made the recording available for you to listen to. Other linguists or individuals may not agree on the description as it stands. The best example of this: you'll note that some recordings are marked "general" American, which is problematic for the same reasons the term "standard" English is problematic.

Audio Examples

Audio

Accent	Chapter	Page #	Online Example Title	URL
Yiddish accent	7	163	The Speech Accent Archive: Yiddish 1-5	http://accent.gmu.edu/browse_language.php?function=find&language=yiddish
Arab accent	7	164	The Speech Accent Archive: Arabic 1-42	http://accent.gmu.edu/browse_language.php?function=find&language=arabic
Upper-class British	7	164	International Dialects of English Archive: England Seven (white male, origin unknown, RP speaker, archeologist) International Dialects of English Archive: England Twenty Eight (white male, born 1971, Hertfordshire, RP speaker) International Dialects of English Archive: England Thirty Nine (white male, Brighton, teacher/actor, RP speaker) International Dialects of English Archive: England Sixty Three (female, born 1954 in Far East, RP speaker) International Dialects of English Archive: England Sixty Five (male, born 1957, Surrey, RP speaker) International Dialects of English Archive: England Sixty Eight (black male, mid-thirties, London, RP and black London speech)	http://www.dialectsarchive.com/england-7 http://www.dialectsarchive.com/england-20 http://www.dialectsarchive.com/england-39 http://www.dialectsarchive.com/england-63 http://www.dialectsarchive.com/england-65 http://www.dialectsarchive.com/england-68
Irish accent	7	166	International Dialects of English Archive: Dialects and Accents of Ireland	http://www.dialectsarchive.com/ireland
French accent	7	166	International Dialects of English Archive: Dialects and Accents of France	http://www.dialectsarchive.com/france
American accent	7	167	International Dialects of English Archive: General American	http://www.dialectsarchive.com/general-american
AAVE	7	168	International Dialects of English Archive: Alabama Four (African-American female, born 1928, Chambers County, AL) International Dialects of English Archive: Alabama Nine (African-American female, born 1942, Tuskeehee, AL) International Dialects of English Archive: Alabama Thirteen (African-American male, age 20, Montgomery, AL) International Dialects of English Archive: Illinois Four (African-American female, age 23, theater student) International Dialects of English Archive: Kentucky Four (African-American female age 19, Paducah, KY) International Dialects of English Archive: Louisiana One A (African-American male, born 1972, New Orleans, LA) International Dialects of English Archive: Louisiana Two (African-American female, born 1985, New Orleans, LA) International Dialects of English Archive: Louisiana Three (African-American female, born 1985, New Orleans, LA) International Dialects of English Archive: Michigan Nine (African-American male, born 1984, Detroit, MI, student) International Dialects of English Archive: Mississippi Three (African-American male, sixties, Grenada, MS) International Dialects of English Archive: North Carolina Five (African-American male, 30s, Winston-Salem, NC) International Dialects of English Archive: South Carolina Four (African-American female, born 1986, Florence, SC) International Dialects of English Archive: Texas Seventeen (African-American male, raised in Texas)	http://www.dialectsarchive.com/alabama-4 http://www.dialectsarchive.com/alabama-9 http://www.dialectsarchive.com/alabama-13 http://www.dialectsarchive.com/illinois-4 http://www.dialectsarchive.com/kentucky-4 http://www.dialectsarchive.com/Louisiana-1a http://www.dialectsarchive.com/louisiana-2 http://www.dialectsarchive.com/louisiana-3 http://www.dialectsarchive.com/michigan-9 http://www.dialectsarchive.com/mississippi-3 http://www.dialectsarchive.com/north-carolina-5 http://www.dialectsarchive.com/south-carolina-4 http://www.dialectsarchive.com/texas-17
Brooklyn	7	169	International Dialects of English Archive: New York Four (white male, Brooklyn/Bronx age 20) International Dialects of English Archive: New York Eleven (Italian-American male, Brooklyn/Queens, born 1954) International Dialects of English Archive: New York Sixteen (African-American female, Brooklyn, born 1967)	http://www.dialectsarchive.com/new-york-4 http://www.dialectsarchive.com/new-york-11 http://www.dialectsarchive.com/new-york-16
Japanese accent	7	171	The Speech Accent Archive: Japanese 1-14	http://accent.gmu.edu/browse_language.php?function=find&language=japanese
German accent	7	171	International Dialects of English Archive: Dialects and Accents of Germany	http://www.dialectsarchive.com/germany
Russian accent	7	171	The Speech Accent Archive: Russian 1-34	http://accent.gmu.edu/browse_language.php?function=find&language=russian
Middle Eastern accent	7	171	International Dialects of English Archive: Dialects of the Middle East	http://www.dialectsarchive.com/middle-east
Italian accent	7	175	International Dialects of English Archive: Dialects and Accents of Italy	http://www.dialectsarchive.com/italy
Scottish accent	7	175	International Dialects of English Archive: Dialects and Accents of Scotland	http://www.dialectsarchive.com/scotland
Brooklyn	7	175	International Dialects of English Archive: New York Four (white male, Brooklyn/Bronx age 20) International Dialects of English Archive: New York Eleven (Italian-American male, Brooklyn/Queens, born 1954) International Dialects of English Archive: New York Sixteen (African-American female, Brooklyn, born 1967)	http://www.dialectsarchive.com/new-york-4 http://www.dialectsarchive.com/new-york-11 http://www.dialectsarchive.com/new-york-16
AAVE	7	175	International Dialects of English Archive: Alabama Four (African-American female, born 1928, Chambers County, AL) International Dialects of English Archive: Alabama Nine (African-American female, born 1942, Tuskeehee, AL) International Dialects of English Archive: Alabama Thirteen (African-American male, age 20, Montgomery, AL) International Dialects of English Archive: Illinois Four (African-American female, age 23, theater student) International Dialects of English Archive: Kentucky Four (African-American female age 19, Paducah, KY) International Dialects of English Archive: Louisiana One A (African-American male, born 1972, New Orleans, LA) International Dialects of English Archive: Louisiana Two (African-American female, born 1985, New Orleans, LA) International Dialects of English Archive: Louisiana Three (African-American female, born 1985, New Orleans, LA) International Dialects of English Archive: Michigan Nine (African-American male, born 1984, Detroit, MI, student) International Dialects of English Archive: Mississippi Three (African-American male, sixties, Grenada, MS) International Dialects of English Archive: North Carolina Five (African-American male, 30s, Winston-Salem, NC) International Dialects of English Archive: South Carolina Four (African-American female, born 1986, Florence, SC) International Dialects of English Archive: Texas Seventeen (African-American male, raised in Texas)	http://www.dialectsarchive.com/alabama-4 http://www.dialectsarchive.com/alabama-9 http://www.dialectsarchive.com/alabama-13 http://www.dialectsarchive.com/illinois-4 http://www.dialectsarchive.com/kentucky-4 http://www.dialectsarchive.com/Louisiana-1a http://www.dialectsarchive.com/louisiana-2 http://www.dialectsarchive.com/louisiana-3 http://www.dialectsarchive.com/michigan-9 http://www.dialectsarchive.com/mississippi-3 http://www.dialectsarchive.com/north-carolina-5 http://www.dialectsarchive.com/south-carolina-4 http://www.dialectsarchive.com/texas-17
Canadian accent	7	176	International Dialects of English Archive: Dialects and Accents of Canada	http://www.dialectsarchive.com/canada
West Coast	7	177	International Dialects of English Archive: Dialects of California International Dialects of English Archive: Dialects of Oregon International Dialects of English Archive: Dialects of Washington	http://www.dialectsarchive.com/california http://www.dialectsarchive.com/oregon http://www.dialectsarchive.com/washington
British accent	7	177	International Dialects of English Archive: Dialects and Accents of England	http://www.dialectsarchive.com/england
British English	7	178	International Dialects of English Archive: Dialects and Accents of England	http://www.dialectsarchive.com/england
Swahili accent	7	179	The Speech Accent Archive: Kiswahili 1-9	http://accent.gmu.edu/browse_language.php?function=find&language=swahili
American English	7	179	International Dialects of English Archive: General American	http://www.dialectsarchive.com/general-american
British English	7	179	International Dialects of English Archive: Dialects and Accents of England	http://www.dialectsarchive.com/england
Australian English	7	179	International Dialects of English Archive: Dialects and Accents of Australia	http://www.dialectsarchive.com/australia
Southwestern accent	7	181	International Dialects of English Archive: Dialects of Arizona International Dialects of English Archive: Dialects of Nevada International Dialects of English Archive: Dialects of New Mexico International Dialects of English Archive: Dialects of Utah	http://www.dialectsarchive.com/arizona http://www.dialectsarchive.com/nevada http://www.dialectsarchive.com/new-mexico http://www.dialectsarchive.com/utah
Italian accent	7	182	International Dialects of English Archive: Dialects and Accents of Italy	http://www.dialectsarchive.com/italy
AAVE	7	184	International Dialects of English Archive: Alabama Four (African-American female, born 1928, Chambers County, AL) International Dialects of English Archive: Alabama Nine (African-American female, born 1942, Tuskeehee, AL) International Dialects of English Archive: Alabama Thirteen (African-American male, age 20, Montgomery, AL) International Dialects of English Archive: Illinois Four (African-American female, age 23, theater student) International Dialects of English Archive: Kentucky Four (African-American female age 19, Paducah, KY) International Dialects of English Archive: Louisiana One A (African-American male, born 1972, New Orleans, LA) International Dialects of English Archive: Louisiana Two (African-American female, born 1985, New Orleans, LA) International Dialects of English Archive: Louisiana Three (African-American female, born 1985, New Orleans, LA) International Dialects of English Archive: Michigan Nine (African-American male, born 1984, Detroit, MI, student) International Dialects of English Archive: Mississippi Three (African-American male, sixties, Grenada, MS) International Dialects of English Archive: North Carolina Five (African-American male, 30s, Winston-Salem, NC) International Dialects of English Archive: South Carolina Four (African-American female, born 1986, Florence, SC) International Dialects of English Archive: Texas Seventeen (African-American male, raised in Texas)	http://www.dialectsarchive.com/alabama-4 http://www.dialectsarchive.com/alabama-9 http://www.dialectsarchive.com/alabama-13 http://www.dialectsarchive.com/illinois-4 http://www.dialectsarchive.com/kentucky-4 http://www.dialectsarchive.com/Louisiana-1a http://www.dialectsarchive.com/louisiana-2 http://www.dialectsarchive.com/louisiana-3 http://www.dialectsarchive.com/michigan-9 http://www.dialectsarchive.com/mississippi-3 http://www.dialectsarchive.com/north-carolina-5 http://www.dialectsarchive.com/south-carolina-4 http://www.dialectsarchive.com/texas-17
British English	7	186	International Dialects of English Archive: Dialects and Accents of England	http://www.dialectsarchive.com/england
Latino	7	187	International Dialects of English Archive: Arizona One (Mexican-American male, age 25, Whittman, AZ, student) International Dialects of English Archive: Arizona Two (Mexican-American female, age 62, Nogales, AZ) International Dialects of English Archive: New Mexico One (Hispanic female, 70s) International Dialects of English Archive: Texas Three (Hispanic male, born 1974, Laredo, TX, student)	http://www.dialectsarchive.com/arizona-1 http://www.dialectsarchive.com/arizona-2 http://www.dialectsarchive.com/new-mexico-1 http://www.dialectsarchive.com/texas-3
HC	7	189	Language Varieties: Kent Sakoda speaks Hawai'i Creole English	http://www.hawaii.edu/satocenter/langnet/sounds/hcesound.html
Southern	7	190	International Dialects of English Archive: Dialects of Alabama International Dialects of English Archive: Dialects of Arkansas International Dialects of English Archive: Dialects of Florida International Dialects of English Archive: Dialects of Georgia International Dialects of English Archive: Dialects of Kentucky International Dialects of English Archive: Dialects of Louisiana International Dialects of English Archive: Dialects of Mississippi International Dialects of English Archive: Dialects of Oklahoma International Dialects of English Archive: Dialects of North Carolina International Dialects of English Archive: Dialects of South Carolina International Dialects of English Archive: Dialects of Tennessee International Dialects of English Archive: Dialects of Texas International Dialects of English Archive: Dialects of Virginia International Dialects of English Archive: Dialects of West Virginia	http://www.dialectsarchive.com/alabama http://www.dialectsarchive.com/arkansas http://www.dialectsarchive.com/florida http://www.dialectsarchive.com/georgia http://www.dialectsarchive.com/kentucky http://www.dialectsarchive.com/louisiana http://www.dialectsarchive.com/mississippi http://www.dialectsarchive.com/oklahoma http://www.dialectsarchive.com/north-carolina http://www.dialectsarchive.com/south-carolina http://www.dialectsarchive.com/tennessee http://www.dialectsarchive.com/texas http://www.dialectsarchive.com/virginia http://www.dialectsarchive.com/west-virginia
African American accent	7	189	International Dialects of English Archive: Alabama Four (African-American female, born 1928, Chambers County, AL) International Dialects of English Archive: Alabama Nine (African-American female, born 1942, Tuskeehee, AL) International Dialects of English Archive: Alabama Thirteen (African-American male, age 20, Montgomery, AL) International Dialects of English Archive: Illinois Four (African-American female, age 23, theater student) International Dialects of English Archive: Kentucky Four (African-American female age 19, Paducah, KY) International Dialects of English Archive: Louisiana One A (African-American male, born 1972, New Orleans, LA) International Dialects of English Archive: Louisiana Two (African-American female, born 1985, New Orleans, LA) International Dialects of English Archive: Louisiana Three (African-American female, born 1985, New Orleans, LA) International Dialects of English Archive: Michigan Nine (African-American male, born 1984, Detroit, MI, student) International Dialects of English Archive: Mississippi Three (African-American male, sixties, Grenada, MS) International Dialects of English Archive: North Carolina Five (African-American male, 30s, Winston-Salem, NC) International Dialects of English Archive: South Carolina Four (African-American female, born 1986, Florence, SC) International Dialects of English Archive: Texas Seventeen (African-American male, raised in Texas)	http://www.dialectsarchive.com/alabama-4 http://www.dialectsarchive.com/alabama-9 http://www.dialectsarchive.com/alabama-13 http://www.dialectsarchive.com/illinois-4 http://www.dialectsarchive.com/kentucky-4 http://www.dialectsarchive.com/Louisiana-1a http://www.dialectsarchive.com/louisiana-2 http://www.dialectsarchive.com/louisiana-3 http://www.dialectsarchive.com/michigan-9 http://www.dialectsarchive.com/mississippi-3 http://www.dialectsarchive.com/north-carolina-5 http://www.dialectsarchive.com/south-carolina-4 http://www.dialectsarchive.com/texas-17
AAVE	7	191	International Dialects of English Archive: Alabama Four (African-American female, born 1928, Chambers County, AL) International Dialects of English Archive: Alabama Nine (African-American female, born 1942, Tuskeehee, AL) International Dialects of English Archive: Alabama Thirteen (African-American male, age 20, Montgomery, AL) International Dialects of English Archive: Illinois Four (African-American female, age 23, theater student) International Dialects of English Archive: Kentucky Four (African-American female age 19, Paducah, KY) International Dialects of English Archive: Louisiana One A (African-American male, born 1972, New Orleans, LA) International Dialects of English Archive: Louisiana Two (African-American female, born 1985, New Orleans, LA) International Dialects of English Archive: Louisiana Three (African-American female, born 1985, New Orleans, LA) International Dialects of English Archive: Michigan Nine (African-American male, born 1984, Detroit, MI, student) International Dialects of English Archive: Mississippi Three (African-American male, sixties, Grenada, MS) International Dialects of English Archive: North Carolina Five (African-American male, 30s, Winston-Salem, NC) International Dialects of English Archive: South Carolina Four (African-American female, born 1986, Florence, SC) International Dialects of English Archive: Texas Seventeen (African-American male, raised in Texas)	http://www.dialectsarchive.com/alabama-4 http://www.dialectsarchive.com/alabama-9 http://www.dialectsarchive.com/alabama-13 http://www.dialectsarchive.com/illinois-4 http://www.dialectsarchive.com/kentucky-4 http://www.dialectsarchive.com/Louisiana-1a http://www.dialectsarchive.com/louisiana-2 http://www.dialectsarchive.com/louisiana-3 http://www.dialectsarchive.com/michigan-9 http://www.dialectsarchive.com/mississippi-3 http://www.dialectsarchive.com/north-carolina-5 http://www.dialectsarchive.com/south-carolina-4 http://www.dialectsarchive.com/texas-17
Bristish English	7	192	International Dialects of English Archive: Dialects and Accents of England	http://www.dialectsarchive.com/england
Australian English	7	194	International Dialects of English Archive: Dialects and Accents of Australia	http://www.dialectsarchive.com/australia
Hungarian accent	7	195	International Dialects of English Archive: Dialects and Accents of Hungary	http://www.dialectsarchive.com/hungary

Discussion question

1. Listen to the variety of accents mentioned in Chapter 7. Reflect on the stereotypes that connect to these accents. Why do you think these accents are used the way they are in animated Disney films? For example, why would French accents be used for sexy chambermaids, chefs and waiters? Why do the heroes speak Standard American English? Why do so many sidekicks speak AAVE or urban varieties of English rather than *SAE?

Videos

“A Disney First”
CBS News
http://www.cbsnews.com/video/watch/?id=5073930n

This clip provides material for the discussion of the representation of African Americans in the Disney film The Frog Prince.

Discussion questions

1. Based on the reporting in this clip and what you have learned in Chapter 7, in what ways has Disney’s representation of African Americans changed? In what ways has Disney’s approach remained the same?

2. What do you think about Disney’s decision to have a Brazilian prince instead of an African American prince in this movie?

Further Resources

Giroux, H. (1995) Animating Youth: The Disnification of Children’s Culture. Socialist Review 24(3): 23–55.

Giroux, H. and Pollock, G. (2010) The Mouse That Roared: Disney and the End of Innocence. Lanham, MD: Rowman and Littlefield.

Ward, A. (1996) The Lion King’s Mythic Narrative: Disney as Moral Educator. Journal of Popular Film and Television 23(4): 171–178.

Ward, A. (2002) Mouse Morality: The Rhetoric of Disney Animated Film. Austin, TX: University of Texas Press.

Images

King Louis and Mowgli from The Jungle Book
“Racism in the Media Pt. 1”
By Shakara, October 10, 2010
The Milwaukee Drum
http://themilwaukeedrum.files.wordpress.com/2010/10/jbracist1.jpg

The Crows from Dumbo
“Racism in the Media Pt. 1”
By Shakara, October 10, 2010
The Milwaukee Drum
http://themilwaukeedrum.files.wordpress.com/2010/10/dumboracist11.jpg

Links

“The 9 Most Racist Disney Characters”
By Ben Joseph, November 17, 2007
Cracked.com
http://www.cracked.com/article_15677_the-9-most-racist-disney-characters.html

“Reversing the "Disneyfication" Process: Using Disney Films to Debunk Stereotypes and Oversimplification In Middle and High School Social Science Courses”
By John Murnane, Worcester Academy
World History Connected
http://www.historycooperative.org/journals/whc/5.1/murnane.html